Harris GE Siemens
CTisUS Sponsers
Kidney

Ct Urography

  • "Because many bladder neoplasms will not be detected by MDCT urography and more research is needed to determine the optimal technique for diagnosing bladder cancer, we think that MDCT urography cannot replace cystoscopy at present."

    MDCT Urography: Exploring a New Paradigm for Imaging of Bladder Cancer
    Cohan RH et al
    AJR 2009; 192:1501-1508

  • "MDCT urography now has a large role in the evaluation of patients with known and suspected bladder cancer. However, its precise role has not been established. Because many bladder neoplasms will not be detected by MDCT urography and more research is needed to determine the optimal technique for diagnosing bladder cancer, we think that MDCT urography cannot replace cystoscopy at present."

    MDCT Urography: Exploring a New Paradigm for Imaging of Bladder Cancer
    Cohan RH et al
    AJR 2009; 192:1501-1508

  • "3-dimensional images do provide another way of displaying the information and may be helpful in understanding complicated process (eg forniceal rupture), and anatomic relationships (eg congenital anomalies). 3-Dimensional images can also be used to help plan surgical and interventional radiology procedures."

    Current Use of Computed Tomographic Urography: Survey of the Society of Uroradiology
    Townsend BA et al.
    J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009; 33: 96-100

  • CT Urography: Indications per Society of Uroradiology
    - Painless gross and microscopic hematuria
    - Suspected transitional cell carcinoma
    - Followup of transitional cell carcinoma
    - Recurrent UTI’s
    - Congenital anomalies
    - Renal trauma
  • "Most uroradiologists use CT Urography in their practice today; some no longer perform IV urography. Variability in multidetector-row CT technique suggests that more research is needed to determine the optimal protocol."

    Current Use of Computed Tomographic Urography: Survey of the Society of Uroradiology
    Townsend BA et al.
    J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009; 33: 96-100

  • "CT Urography is essentially defined as a CT examination of the urinary tract before and after the administration of intravenous contrast material that includes excretory phase images."

    What is the Current Role of CT Urography and MR Urography in the Evaluation of the Urinary Tract
    Silverman SS, Leyendecker JR, Amis Jr ES
    Radiology 2009; 250:309-323

     

  • "Most uroradiologists perform CT urography using multidetector-row CT aline (79%) and use a 3-phase technique (52%) using a single injection (76%) of contrast media at 3 ml/sec (52%) without a compression devise (81%) and with the patient in the supine position (90%)."

    Current Use of Computed Tomographic Urography: Survey of the Society of Uroradiology
    Townsend BA et al.
    J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009; 33:96-100

  • "Most uroradiologists use CT urography in their practice today, some no longer perform IV urography. Variability in multidetector-row CT technique suggests that more research is needed to determine the optimal protocol."

    Current Use of Computed Tomographic Urography: Survey of the Society of Uroradiology
    Townsend BA et al.
    J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009; 33:96-100

  • "The addition of a saline bolus offers no improvement, whereas the addition of enhanced CT digital radiography offers significant improvement in collecting system opacification during CT urography."

    Opacification of the Genitourinary Collecting System During MDCT Urography with Enhanced CT Digital Radiography: Nonsaline versus Saline Bolus
    Sudakoff GS et al.
    AJR 2006:186:122-129.
  • "Excretory phase CT with oral hydration opacified the calyx/infundibulum completely in 57% and nearly completely in 38%, opacified the renal pelvis completely in 94.5% and nearly completely in 3.5%."

    Opacification of the Collecting System and Ureters on Excretory-Phase CT Using Oral Water as Contrast Medium
    Kawamoto S, Horton KM, Fishman EK
    AJR 2006; 186:136-140.
  • "Excretory phase CT with oral hydration opacified the calyx/infundibulum completely in 57% and nearly completely in 38%, opacified the renal pelvis completely in 94.5% and nearly completely in 3.5%, and opacified the upper ureter completely in 78% and completely in 78% and nearly completely in 6.5%."
  • Protocol

    - Unenhanced CT from kidneys to bladder
    - Nephrographic phase from diaphragm to iliac crests with 110 sec delay
    - Excretory phase at 8 minutes from kidneys thru bladder
    - Multidetector Row CT Urography in the Evaluation of Hematuria
    Joffe SA et al
    RadioGraphics 2003;23:1441-1456
  • "At our institution, CT urography virtually replaced conventional urography in the evaluation of patients with hematuria and has proven successful in depicting a wide range of diseases affecting the urinary tract."

    Multidetector CT Urography with Abdominal Compression and Three Dimensional Reconstruction
    Chow LC et al.
    AJR 2001;177:849-855