Successful pancreas transplantation is currently the only known therapy that establishes an insulin-independent euglycemic state with normalization of glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Insulin-secreting cells are part of the pancreatic islets, which are predominantly located in the tail [1]. The first human pancreas transplantation was performed at the University of Minnesota in 1966 [2]. Since then, pancreas graft survival has improved consistently, especially in the last decade, thanks to refined surgical techniques and the introduction of better immunosuppressive regimens, including administration of tacroli-mus and mycophenolate mofetil, which have decreased technical and immunologic failure rates.