Iatrogenic Causes - Bilary gas following sphincterotomy or choledochojejunostomy - Hepatic artery embolization - Percutaneous tumor ablation - Colonoscopy - Barium enema examination - Liver biopsy - Migration of hepatic venous gas (from spinal, or epidual catheter or lumbar puncture) - Oxidized cellulose
“ The presence of hepatic venous gas has traditionally been associated with serious clinical disease and a mortality rate of up to 75%; the gas is most often portal venous in location and results from bowel necrosis.” Hepatic Gas: Widening Spectrum of Causes Detected at CT and US in the Interventional Era Shah PA et al. RadioGraphics 2011; 31:1403-1413
“ Detection of gas, which is present in 19% of cases or less, provides support for a higher degree of confidence in the imaging diagnosis of abscess.” Hepatic Gas: Widening Spectrum of Causes Detected at CT and US in the Interventional Era Shah PA et al. RadioGraphics 2011; 31:1403-1413
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